Shafaq News/ The International Court of Justice(ICJ) on Thursday opened hearings in a lawsuit filed by Sudan against theUnited Arab Emirates, accusing the Gulf state of violating the GenocideConvention by directly supporting the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF),which Khartoum claims is responsible for mass atrocities in Darfur.
In the first round of oral arguments, Sudanurged the UN’s top court to impose emergency measures compelling the UAE toimmediately halt its alleged support for the RSF and compensate victims of theongoing violence.
“We have sufficient evidence to hold the UAEaccountable,” Sudanese Foreign Ministry representative Kamal Bashir toldreporters in Port Sudan. “This legal step is part of our broader effort to holdinternational actors responsible for the immense destruction inflicted on ournation.”
The complaint accuses the RSF—aligned withvarious armed factions—of committing genocide, mass killings, rape, forceddisplacement, and widespread destruction of civilian property, all allegedlyunderpinned by Emirati logistical and financial support. Sudan’s legal team isinvoking provisions of the 1948 Genocide Convention, which obligates signatorystates to prevent and punish acts of genocide.
The UAE has fiercely denied the allegations,branding them a “malicious publicity stunt” lacking legal merit or factualbasis.
“These accusations are absurd and serve only asa distraction from the Sudanese army’s own failures in managing the internalcrisis,” Anwar Gargash, senior diplomatic advisor to the UAE president, wrotein an op-ed published in Emirati state media.
“What the Sudanese Armed Forces are doing at theICJ is nothing more than political theatre, aimed at dragging an old friendinto a conflict they themselves helped ignite,” Gargash added, reiterating theUAE’s “consistent support for peaceful resolutions and international diplomaticefforts to end the war.”
He also highlighted the UAE’s longstanding tieswith Sudan, noting that the Gulf state has provided over $3.5 billion in aid tothe country over the past decade, including $600 million since the conflicterupted in 2023.
A senior Emirati official, speaking to AgenceFrance-Presse on condition of anonymity, dismissed the case as a “misuse of thecourt’s time and procedures.”
The legal showdown unfolds against a backdrop ofdeepening humanitarian catastrophe in Sudan, where clashes between the RSF andthe national army have killed tens of thousands and displaced millions,according to UN estimates. US assessments have pointed to potential war crimesby both factions, including attacks on civilian areas and use of prohibitedweaponry.
Legal experts say Sudan may face proceduralhurdles at the ICJ due to the UAE’s reservation to Article IX of the GenocideConvention upon joining in 2005—a clause that grants the court jurisdictionover disputes arising under the treaty. Sudan contends that such a reservation“undermines the Convention’s core purpose.”
Sudan’s legal team is scheduled to present itsarguments in a morning session, followed by the UAE’s response in theafternoon. While ICJ rulings are legally binding, the court lacks enforcementpowers—a limitation highlighted in previous cases, such as its 2022 orderagainst Russia over its invasion of Ukraine.
The case marks a dramatic escalation in a war ofnarratives between Khartoum and Abu Dhabi. The Sudanese government insists theUAE played a “central role” in fueling the war by arming rebel militias, whileEmirati officials accuse the Sudanese military of externalizing a conflict theythemselves chose to wage.
The proceedings are expected to continue overseveral months, with observers warning the legal battle could furthercomplicate fragile regional diplomacy aimed at resolving the year-longconflict.
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