Type 3c diabetes, also known as pancreatogenic diabetes, is a form of diabetes that develops as a direct result of disease or damage to the pancreas.
It is different from type 1 and type 2 diabetes and is often under-recognised or misdiagnosed. Accurate diagnosis is important to ensure the right treatment and support.
What is Type 3c diabetes?
Type 3c diabetes occurs when the pancreas becomes damaged and can no longer produce enough insulin or digestive enzymes. Unlike type 1 diabetes, which is autoimmune, or type 2 diabetes, which is linked to insulin resistance, type 3c is secondary to a condition affecting the pancreas itself.
The pancreas has two main roles:
Producing insulin and other hormones that regulate blood glucose Producing enzymes that help digest foodWhen it becomes inflamed, injured or partially removed, both of these functions can be disrupted.
Causes of Type 3c diabetes
The most common causes of Type 3c diabetes include:
Chronic pancreatitis – long-term inflammation of the pancreas Pancreatic cancer Surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas (pancreatectomy) Cystic fibrosis Trauma to the pancreas Hereditary conditions such as haemochromatosis Autoimmune pancreatitisIn many cases, damage to the pancreas results in both diabetes and problems with digestion, such as malabsorption or weight loss.
Symptoms
The symptoms of type 3c diabetes are often similar to other forms of diabetes, but may also include signs of pancreatic insufficiency. Common symptoms include:
Frequent urination Excessive thirst Fatigue Unexplained weight loss Blurred vision Abdominal pain Bloating or discomfort after meals Pale, greasy or foul-smelling stools (steatorrhoea)These digestive issues occur because the pancreas is no longer producing enough enzymes to break down food properly.
Diagnosis
Type 3c diabetes is frequently misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes, especially in people without obvious signs of pancreatic disease. A correct diagnosis is essential for effective management.
Diagnosis may involve:
A thorough medical history, particularly noting any pancreatic conditions or surgery Blood tests to check glucose levels and HbA1c Pancreatic imaging (CT scan, MRI or ultrasound) Tests for pancreatic enzyme function, such as faecal elastase Screening for vitamin and nutrient deficienciesOne key difference is that people with type 3c diabetes often have low insulin levels and reduced pancreatic enzyme levels, whereas those with type 2 diabetes do not typically experience digestive problems.
Treatment
Treating type 3c diabetes requires a dual approach, as both blood sugar control and digestive health need to be managed.
Key aspects of treatment include:
Insulin or other diabetes medications – to manage blood glucose levels Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) – to support digestion and nutrient absorption Nutritional support – often with the help of a dietitian to ensure a balanced diet and address deficiencies Vitamin supplementation – particularly fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) Regular monitoring – of blood glucose, weight and nutritional status A multidisciplinary team approach is often needed, involving endocrinologists, dietitians and gastroenterologists.Living with Type 3c diabetes
Living with type 3c diabetes can be more complex than living with type 1 or type 2, due to the combination of digestive and glucose control challenges. However, with the right support, many people can manage their symptoms effectively and maintain a good quality of life.
Our platform offers:
Access to expert advice on nutrition, medication and lifestyle changes Digital tools for logging meals, tracking blood sugars and monitoring symptoms Personalised coaching and support from qualified professionals Peer support from others living with diabetesType 3c diabetes is a lesser-known form of diabetes caused by damage to the pancreas which affects both insulin production and digestion, making diagnosis and management more complex.
If you or someone you care for has a history of pancreatic problems and has been diagnosed with diabetes, it is important to discuss the possibility of type 3c with your healthcare provider.
With the right care, support and education, people with type 3c diabetes can lead healthy and fulfilling lives.
Support: Speak to other people with Type 3c diabetes Read More Details
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