So, what is “pure O” OCD exactly? And could you or a loved one be suffering from it? Here's what you should know.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or OCD, is a mental health condition characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts, or obsessions, and repetitive behaviors or mental acts, or compulsions, that someone feels driven to perform, says Dr. Caroline Fenkel, DSW, LCSW, chief clinical officer and co-founder at Charlie Health, a virtual mental healthcare provider.
An estimated 1.2% of U.S. adults have experienced symptoms of OCD in the past year, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.
What Is 'Pure O' OCD?
While OCD is a condition that many people have heard of, relatively few are likely aware of its counterpart, “pure O.”
“Their compulsions are, instead, often mental—for example, excessive rumination (like intrusive thoughts), constant reassurance-seeking or extreme avoidance behaviors,” she says, adding that the term “pure O” can be misleading since the compulsions are still present—they’re just less visible.
Additionally, pure O is not a separate diagnosis found in the DSM-5, or the diagnostic manual behavioral experts use to diagnose their patients and clients. It’s more so a way to describe a specific OCD experience. While it still falls under the broader category of OCD, Dr. Fenkel says that the term can help people understand their symptoms.
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How Does 'Pure O' OCD Impact Daily Life?
“It can affect work or school, relationships and even hygiene. It’s intense,” she says.
Building upon the example she shares, Dr. Fenkel says that this constant mental struggle can be isolating and overwhelming, which can make it even harder for those with pure O to process their obsessions and/or seek help. The condition can lead to intense stress, self-doubt, isolation, relationship issues and even depression.
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Treatments for 'Pure O' OCD
Dr. Fenkel says that the “gold standard treatment” for OCD, including pure O, is something called ERP, which stands for exposure and response prevention. She explains that ERP is a form of cognitive behavioral therapy that helps people face their intrusive thoughts without engaging in mental or physical compulsions.
“Some people also benefit from medication, like SSRIs, which can help regulate intrusive thoughts and compulsions,” Dr. Fenkel says. “Support groups and mindfulness-based strategies can also be helpful.”
“OCD is highly treatable, and with the proper support, people can absolutely regain control over their lives,“ she advised. “Seeking help isn't a sign of weakness—it's a step toward healing.”
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Sources
Dr. Caroline Fenkel, DSW, LCSW, chief clinical officer and co-founder at Charlie Health"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)." National Institute of Mental Health. Read More Details
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