In the arid stretches of Sinai and Matrouh, Bedouin families have for generations survived on the edge of Egypt’s deserts by mastering the art of rainwater harvesting. In villages scattered across these regions, where the average annual rainfall is a scant eight billion cubic meters, and only 200-300 million are collected in areas such as Sinai and the north coast, winter storms bring hope. Families gather to channel precious runoff into underground cisterns, which are large containers that collect and store rainwater, a practice that has sustained their crops, livestock, and daily life through the long, parched months that follow. Agriculture remains the primary livelihood for about 70 percent of the population in these areas, with rain-fed crops like figs and olives forming the backbone of local diets and economies. The ingenuity of Bedouin water harvesting lies in the systems they have refined over centuries. Stone dykes and earthen dams are constructed across ephemeral valleys, or wadis, to capture and slow the sudden rush of rainwater. This increases water infiltration for crops and helps reduce soil erosion and degradation, and mitigates the risk of flash floods, which devastated homes andContinue reading "Bedouin Water Harvesting Revives Ancient Solutions to Tackle Egypt’s Drought"
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