Geographic, demographic giants
China, the world's second most populous country after India with 1.4 billion inhabitants, has four times more people than the United States.
The United States is the world's biggest economy, with a gross domestic product of more than $29 trillion in 2024, followed by China with more than $18 trillion, according to the International Monetary Fund.
The United States has a big trade deficit with China when it comes to goods, reaching $355 billion in 2024, according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
Beijing has retaliated with levies on US goods of 125 percent.
China is the world's biggest emitter of greenhouse gases, followed by the United States.
China committed itself to stabilising its CO2 emissions by 2030 and then to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.
The United States is home to the “GAFAM” group of tech titans: Google, Apple, Facebook owner Meta, Amazon and Microsoft.
The rise of artificial intelligence has opened a new front in Sino-American tech rivarly.
The Chinese start-up DeepSeek, founded in 2023 by the High-Flyer investment fund, shook up the AI world in January with its R1 chatbot, able to match the functions of its Western competitors at a fraction of the cost.
The hugely popular video-sharing app, which has more than 170 million American users, is under threat from a US law passed last year that orders TikTok to split from its Chinese owner ByteDance or get shut down in the United States.
The ban is motivated by national security fears and belief in Washington that TikTok is controlled by the Chinese government
The United States is the world's biggest spender on defence.
The United States and Russia have nearly 90 percent of the world's nuclear arsenal, with more than 5,000 nuclear warheads each at the start of 2024, including those withdrawn and waiting to be dismantled.
The space race
In 2019 its Chang'e-4 made a controlled landing on the far side of the Moon, a world first. In 2021 it landed a small robot on Mars.
NASA's Artemis space programme is planning to return astronauts to the Moon in 2027 and future missions to Mars.
In order to reduce the mission costs, the US space agency has partnered with private companies to send material and technology to the Moon.
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