In the first round of oral arguments, Sudanurged the UN’s top court to impose emergency measures compelling the UAE toimmediately halt its alleged support for the RSF and compensate victims of theongoing violence.
The complaint accuses the RSF—aligned withvarious armed factions—of committing genocide, mass killings, rape, forceddisplacement, and widespread destruction of civilian property, all allegedlyunderpinned by Emirati logistical and financial support. Sudan’s legal team isinvoking provisions of the 1948 Genocide Convention, which obligates signatorystates to prevent and punish acts of genocide.
“These accusations are absurd and serve only asa distraction from the Sudanese army’s own failures in managing the internalcrisis,” Anwar Gargash, senior diplomatic advisor to the UAE president, wrotein an op-ed published in Emirati state media.
He also highlighted the UAE’s longstanding tieswith Sudan, noting that the Gulf state has provided over $3.5 billion in aid tothe country over the past decade, including $600 million since the conflicterupted in 2023.
The legal showdown unfolds against a backdrop ofdeepening humanitarian catastrophe in Sudan, where clashes between the RSF andthe national army have killed tens of thousands and displaced millions,according to UN estimates. US assessments have pointed to potential war crimesby both factions, including attacks on civilian areas and use of prohibitedweaponry.
Sudan’s legal team is scheduled to present itsarguments in a morning session, followed by the UAE’s response in theafternoon. While ICJ rulings are legally binding, the court lacks enforcementpowers—a limitation highlighted in previous cases, such as its 2022 orderagainst Russia over its invasion of Ukraine.
The proceedings are expected to continue overseveral months, with observers warning the legal battle could furthercomplicate fragile regional diplomacy aimed at resolving the year-longconflict.
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