OpenAI CEO Sam Altman described o3 as "incredibly smart" in the video announcing the model, released as part of his company's "12 Days of OpenAI" promotion over the holiday season. The model is undergoing a variety of safety tests before it launches in full—first likely only for paying ChatGPT Plus users.
The o3 model is more than 20 percent better than the previous o1 model at coding, per the SWE-bench Verified benchmark, OpenAI says. It also scores strongly on math and science problems, at least according to benchmark tests—like o1, the o3 model is trained to think and reason before it answers, rigorously testing its responses for accuracy. OpenAI will also release a smaller, faster o3-mini model alongside the main update.
The pattern of completing squares with a darker blue square is simple for humans, but hard for AI—and it's a challenge that's part of ARC. Credit: ARCThis challenge gets AI to come up with new approaches to problems, rather than just relying on its memory, and involves a series of visual tasks for models to complete. They must match patterns in colored grids, exercises intended to be easy for people to complete without any training, but hard for AI to figure out.
Within the computing power boundaries of the ARC test, o3 scored 75.7%. That's way above the 5% achieved by the GPT-4o model, currently the best ChatGPT model available to free users. While we're still some way short of AGI (the model is still below human scores, and couldn't complete all the tasks), that's an impressive step up.
o1 and o1-mini are currently available to ChatGPT Plus users. Credit: LifehackerPredictably, OpenAI didn't talk about the energy demands of AI, the ethics of training AI on publicly available data that may be copyrighted, or the tendency for these models to hallucinate wrong answers—while mistakes should be fewer because of o3's extra thinking time, they won't be eradicated. What the company did mention is an expansion of its safety testing program, designed to prevent these models from being used for malicious purposes.
The ability for AI models to truly "think" or "reason"—or at least attempt some approximation of those human capabilities—will no doubt continue to be discussed as AI development progresses. Google has also just unveiled its Gemini 2.0 model, which brings with it improved reasoning.
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