What is meldonium? The drug behind Mudryk and Sharapova’s positive tests ...Middle East

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Mudryk, who insists he has done nothing deliberately wrong, reportedly tested positive in October for meldonium and is awaiting the results of the “B” sample from the same test.

Meldonium is not an unfamiliar name to experts in the doping world.

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“It works by shifting fuel use from fatty acid oxidation to glucose oxidation; glucose is easier to metabolise than fatty acids [i.e. less oxygen is required] and so it reduces the metabolic load on the cells which alleviates the issues with reduced oxygen supply.”

In an athletic setting, it is considered potentially performance-enhancing because the process of oxidising glucose rather than fatty acid is creates less “oxidative stress”.

“Improved glucose oxidation may also lead to a decrease in the reduction of lactate accumulation which would be considered as beneficial for recovery.”

The monitoring program found “high prevalence of the use of meldonium by athletes and teams of athletes”, and then-Wada president Craig Reedie said it was “a big concern because it’s clear that people are abusing the drug.”

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However, after it was banned, Latvian manufacturer Grindeks insisted that it “cannot improve athletic performance but it can stop tissue damage in the case of ischemia”.

Sheremetiev said: “It’s a good drug. Until they banned it, we used it in many types of sport: hockey, skiing — in those where there’s pretty serious strain.”

“Athletes can train without being afraid that if they inadvertently overstep their limit, they will end up in hospital with a heart attack or die on the field,” Kalvins insisted.

Who has been banned for meldonium use?

The Russian player insisted she was innocent of deliberately breaking the rules, saying she had taken a drug called “mildronate” for the previous 10 years after having it prescribed by her family doctor. Mildronate is the common trade name of meldonium, but Sharapova did not realise that’s what it contained.

Sharapova was one of nearly 200 athletes, predominantly from Russia and Eastern European countries, who tested positive for meldonium in the months following it being initially banned.

At the 2018 Winter Olympics, Alexander Krushelnitsky was stripped of his curling bronze medal after testing positive for the substance, but Mudryk is arguably the most high-profile case since Sharapova.

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